Fake news sites are popping up across the Internet. The cost of setting up a site is relatively small so just about anyone can do it. Some are state-sponsored propaganda engines. Some are conspiracy theory sites maintained by one obsessed person. Some are even trying to be legitimate but have no ability to verify facts. All have an agenda or motive.

The situation is made worse by the declining profitability of the established media companies. They just don’t have enough people and resources to investigate all the facts of every breaking story or to even cover all the stories.

Then you throw into the mix that one celebrity presidential candidate dominated the news by throwing

out false, outrageous, and polarizing information multiple times every day. You have a situation when even well-intended media outlets can’t keep up.

With so much news out there, it becomes hard for people to filter out what is legitimate or not, so we fall back on our gut feelings about it. Repetition also fools our brains into creating reality. If it supports our beliefs, we are more inclined to treat it as real or at least partly true.

The way our brains are hardwired to process information creates this bias. We are bombarded with far more information than we can consciously process. So we develop patterns and shortcuts to filter in the stuff we think is important and filter out the stuff we aren’t concerned with or don’t believe.

There was a study done during and after the US election regarding where people were getting their news. The politicians (and one in particular) have reinforced the lack of trust in the established media. People are turning to their friends and family for “filtered” news.

This trend means a disconcerting proportion of voters are now relying primarily on social media sites like Facebook as their primary news sources. Fake news then spreads like pancakes at a Stampede breakfast with about as much nutritional content.

Another trend during this polarizing election was people blocking others with opposing view-points and spending more time in discussions with groups who have similar views. Unlike the local community center where you had to put up with some oddballs, you can now filter, so you only see and react to people just like you.

Online trolling ranges from intentionally disrupting conversations to cyberbullying, and everything in between. With this election, it became more common for people to troll others online. This trolling has become dangerous with people receiving a mix of racism, sexist slurs, threats of bodily harm and even death threats. Trolls don’t have to be local.

You can hire trolls in third world countries on the cheap. When you add that to the natural troll population, things get quickly out of hand.

What is becoming apparent is that the various interests have hired people to look for public, opposing conversations and then go and disrupt or discredit those opinions. This tactic is not very hard. You can search on most social media platforms for trending conversations. You post a bunch of canned content and draw the participants into a nasty debate. The reasonable people leave the conversation. No one wins but the troll.

Trolls organized by special interests amplify the propaganda machine because they coordinate the attacks.

Initially, the Internet was seen as a way of enhancing the sharing of knowledge and opening up communication. It was going to transform the world for the better.

I also see another trend, the amplification of our base emotions.

Since we are wired for survival, fear and the fear of others outside of our tribe is one of our primary drivers for safety.

The most potent news and propaganda play on our base emotions. When added to all of the other trends you can see very quick upswings of viral content driven by anger, rage, and hate, rather than by facts and optimism.

This manipulation happens on all sides of the political spectrum.

When the economy is struggling we need inspiration and leadership, not more fear and hate.

• I think we as marketers, communicators, and leaders can do better. Some lessons we can apply from the five trends include:
• Marketing and human psychology are related fields.
• Be aware how mobs behave both online and offline.
• If you are using strong emotions to sell an idea, be aware of impact and consequences.
• Commit to only using your powers for good (see above).
• Avoid spreading or contributing to fake news.
• Denying internal or external facts will likely cause problems in your business.
• Hold people accountable for spreading lies.
• Get out of your social bubble and expose yourself to opposing ideas.

• Stay in touch with what worries people in other locations. Your concerns might not be theirs.
• Find common ground and build from there.
• Beware of Trolls.
• Look for innovative ideas in other business verticals and parts of the world that you can apply to your business model.
• Marketing becomes more effective when it has a chance to work for a longer period.